2014年同等学力申硕英语模拟题（四）

　　Passage Five

　　Is it possible to be both fat and fit-not just fit enough to exercise, but fit enough to live as long as someone a lot lighter? Not according to a 2004 study from the Harvard School of Public Health which looked at 115,000 nurses aged between 30 and 55. Compared with women who were both thin and active, obese(overweight) but active women had a mortality rate that was 91﹪ higher. Though far better than the inactive obese (142% higher), they were still worse off than the inactive lean (5% higher). A similar picture emerged in 2008 after researchers examined 39,000 women with an average age of 54. Compared with active women of normal weight, the active but overweight were 54% more likely to develop heart disease.

　　That’s settled, then. Or is it? Steven Blair, a professor of exercise science at the University of South Carolina, describes the official focus on obesity as an “obsession… and it’s not grounded in solid data”.

　　Blair’s most fascinating study, in the Journal of American Medical Association in 2007, took 2,600 people aged 60 and above, of various degrees of fatness, and tested their fitness on the exercise device, rather than asking them to quantify it themselves. This is an unusually rigorous approach, he claims. Since many rival surveys ask participants to assess their own fitness, or ignore it as a factor altogether.

　　“There is an ‘association’ between obesity and fitness,” he agrees, “but it is not perfect. As you progress towards overweight, the percentage of individuals who are fit does go down. But here’s a shock: among classⅡ obese individuals [with a body mass index between 35 and 39.9], about 40% or 45% are still fit. You simply cannot tell by looking whether someone is fit or not. When we look at these mortality rates in fat people who are fit, we see that the harmful effect of fat just disappears: their death rate during the next decade is half that of the normal weight people who are unfit.”

　　One day-probably about a hundred years from now-this fat-but-fit question will be answered without the shadow of a doubt. In the meantime, is there anything that all the experts agree on? Oh yes: however much your body weighs, you’ll live longer if you move it around a bit.

　　55. It can be learned that the 2008 research .

　　A. posed a challenge to the 2004 study

　　B. confirmed the findings of the 2004 study

　　C. solved the problems left behind by the 2004 study

　　D. had a different way of thinking from the 2004 study

　　56. Steven Blair probably describes the previous studies as .

　　A. unreliable B. uncreative C. unrealistic D. untraditional

　　57. The major difference between Blair’s study and the previous research is that .

　　A. Blair excluded the participants’ fitness as a factor

　　B. Blair guessed the participants’ fitness after weighing them

　　C. Blair required the participants to assess their own fitness

　　D. Blair evaluated the participants’ fitness through physical tests

　　58. Blair’s study proves that .

　　A. the weight problem should be taken seriously

　　B. weight and fitness are strongly connected

　　C. it is possible to be both fat and fit

　　D. fat people have a higher death rate

　　59. It can be seen from the description of these studies that the author .

　　A. shows no preference for any researcher

　　B. finds no agreement between the researchers

　　C. obviously favors the Blair study

　　D. obviously favors the Harvard study

　　60. The purpose of writing this passage is to .

　　A. call on people to pay attention to weight problem

　　B. present the different findings of various weight studies

　　C. compare the strength and weakness of different studies

　　D. offer suggestions on how to remain fit and live longer

　　Part IV Cloze (15minutes, 15points)

　　Directions: in this part, there is a passage with 15 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D choose the best answer foe each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

　　Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered to them. A child rarely dislikes food 61 it is badly cooked. The 62 a meal is cooked and served is most important and an 63 served meal will improve a child’s appetite. Never ask a child 64 he likes or dislikes a food and never 65 likes and dislikes in front of him or allow anybody else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother 66 vegetables, in the child’s hearing he is 67 to copy this procedure. Take it 68 granted that he likes everything and he probably will. Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a 69 dislike. At meal times it is a good 70 to give a child a small portion and let him come back for a second helping rather than give him as 71 as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child during meal times, but let him go on with his food; and do not 72 him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will soon learn to swallow his food 73 he can hurry back to his toys. Under 74 circumstances must a child be coaxed (哄骗) 75 forced to eat.

　　61. A. if B. until C. that D. unless

　　62. A. procedure B. process C. way D. method

　　63. A. adequately B. attractively C. urgently D. eagerly

　　64. A. whether B. what C. that D. which

　　65. A. remark B. tell C. discuss D. argue

　　66. A. opposes B. denies C. refuses D. offends

　　67. A. willing B. possible C. obliged D. likely

　　68. A. with B. as C. over D. for

　　69. A. supposed B. proved C. considered D. related

　　70. A. point B. custom C. idea D. plan

　　71. A. much B. little C. few D. many

　　72. A. agree B. allow C. force D. persuade

　　73. A. so B. until C. lest D. although

　　74. A. some B. any C. such D. no

　　75. A. or B. nor C. but D. neither

　　Paper Two试卷二

　　Part I Translation (30 minutes, 20 points)

　　Section A

　　Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　The new year always brings an old problem for students who return to campus after a long winter holiday. As the spring semester begins, some students find themselves having to adapt to college life all over again - a process they refer to as "the holiday blues", or "post-holiday syndrome".

　　Students must return to the uncomfortable confines of life with roommates in a crowded dormitory. Just ask 19-year-old Jiang Cheng, who lived in a spacious, well-decorated home in Tianjin over the break. Now back in the university, Jiang is sleeping on a wooden board and a few blankets, which causes his body aching.

　　Section B

　　Directions: Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　2010上海世博会的核心是创新和互动。创新是灵魂，而文化交流也是世博会的一项重要任务。在新纪元，2010世博会将致力于以人为本的发展，科技创新，文化差异以及双赢的未来合作，因此在新世纪高度的创新和互动将会是组成这一主旋律的重要音符。

　　Part II Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)

　　Directions：In this part，you are to write within 30 minutes a composition of no less than 150 words about “Low Carbon Living.”.

　　1、提倡低碳生活的原因

　　2、低碳生活的具体做法

　　3、我怎样做

　　Please remember to write it clearly on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　参考答案及解析

　　卷一

　　Part I

　　1-5 AAAAA 6-10 BCBCD

　　Part II

　　11-15 ABDCC 16-20 AABAD 21-25 CBCAB 26-30 DBADB

　　Part III

　　31-36 DBCAAC 37-42 BACDAC 43-48 CDDBCB

　　49-54 DBADCD 55-60 BADCAB

　　Part IV

　　61-65 DCBAC 66-70 CDDAC 71-75 ABADA

　　卷二

　　Part V

　　英译汉：

　　新的一年开始了，结束漫长寒假的学生们返校后总会出现这个老问题。春季学期开始后，一些学生发觉他们不得不重新适应校园生活--而这个过程则被他们称为“假日忧伤”或“节后综合症”。

　　学生们不得不和舍友们一起住在拥挤的宿舍中。19岁的江城寒假期间住在天津宽敞而且装修也很精致的房子里。回到大学后，他睡的光秃秃的木板床上就铺了几张毯子, 整个身体感觉酸痛。

　　汉译英：

　　Exposition 2010 Shanghai China will centre on innovation and interaction. Innovation is the soul, while cultural interaction is an important mission of the World Expositions. In the new era, Expo 2010 Shanghai China will contribute to human-centered development, scientific and technological innovation, cultural diversity and win-win cooperation for a better future, thus composing a melody with the key notes of highlighting innovation and interaction in the new century.

　　Part VI

　　Recently, with the rapid increase of automobiles in big cities of China, more and more people have become concerned about the problem of air pollution and energy consumption. Many people are worried that if we go on emitting tons of harmful gases and consuming huge quantities of energy, we will have to face serious air pollution and shortage of energy in the near future. Thus, it is the high time that we advocated low carbon living to protect our environment.

　　To live a low carbon life, it is highly important for every one of us to take immediate actions to reduce the emission of co2.. First, public transportations such as buses and subways should be encouraged, and the number and use of private cars should be restricted, for all motorized travel is carbon-intensive and cheaper. Second, some energy conservation habits should be formed including using efficient light bulbs, switching off all appliances when you′re not using them, and etc. Third, the use of disposable containers and plastic bags should be avoided.

　　As far as I’m concerned, I’ll live a low carbon life in the following ways. For one thing, I’ll take stairs instead of lifts and ride to work whenever I can. For another, I’ll bring my own bag when I go shopping in the supermarkets. I strongly believe if everyone can do a little to reduce the emission of co2, all together, we’ll make a big difference.