2001年同等学力申硕英语全国统一考试真题

Paper One试卷一（90 minutes）

Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension（20 minutes，15 points）（略）

Part Ⅱ Vocabulary（10 minutes，10 points）

Section A

Directions：In this section there are fifteen sentences，each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A，B，C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

16. The temperatures are somewhat lower than the average temperature in May this year.

A. rather B. very C. a little D. less

17. He must not allow this unusual barrier to stop him from fighting against the enemy.

A. interior B. obstacle C. interruption D. interference

18. Next semester，Susan must take three compulsory courses.

A. formal B. voluntary C. practical D. required

19. Should either of these situations occur，wrong control actions might be taken and a potential accident sequence initiated.

A. imported B. installed C. started D. interviewed

20. Now about half of the women who work in social welfare are part-time，as compared to 38% in the private sector.

A. guarantee B. farewell C. well-off D. well-being

21. It is not clear whether the increase in reports is stemmed from greater human activity or is simply the result of more surveys.

A. flows B. comes C. derives D. originates

22. This is the sort of case in which judges must exercise the arbitrary power described a moment ago.

A. avail B. use C. have D. display

23. Recent studies have posed the question as to whether there is a link between film violence and real violence.

A. supposed B. poised C. aroused D. raised

24. Floods have undermined the foundation of the ancient bridge.

A. weakened B. reached C. spoiled D. covered

25. A frequently cited example of the endangered species is the panda.

A. worried B. neglected C. reduced D. mentioned

26. Some psychologists argue that the traditional idea“spare the rod and spoil the child”is not rational.

A. helpful B. kind C. sensible D. effective

27. Providing first-class service is one of the tactics the airline adopts to attract passengers.

A. methods B. attitudes C. thoughts D. solutions

28. Before you decide on a vocation，it might be a good idea to consult a few good friends.

A. career B. holiday C. plan D. research

29. The police are trying to get back the stolen statue.

A. retrieve B.detain C. track D. detect

30. Because of adverse weather conditions，the travelers stopped to camp.

A. local B. unfamiliar C. good D. unfavorable

Section B

Directions：In this section there are fifteen incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

31. These last 22 years have really been amazing，every prediction we’ve made about improvements have all______.

A. come over B. come down C. come along D. come true

32. Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave______.

A. at the spot B. on the spot C. for the spot D. in the spot

33. Mary succeeded in living______her extraordinary reputation.

A. up to B. up C. down D. on

34. Other guests at yesterday’s opening，which was broadcast______ by the radio station，included the Governor and the Mayor.

A. alive B. live C. lively D. living

35. The manager was told when he was______that his was a pressure job.

A. appointed B. pointed C. assigned D. disappointed

36. Her husband is interested in designing electronic______.

A. management B. safety C. devices D. routine

37. Gestures are an important means to______messages.

A. convey B. study C. exploit D. keep

38. ______preparations were being made for the Prime Minister’s official visit to the four foreign countries.

A. Wise B. Elaborate C. Optional D. Neutral

39. This local evening paper has a ______of twenty-five thousand.

A. number B. contribution C. circulation D. celebration

40. Susan loves chocolate so much that she can hardly resist its______.

A. sight B. brand C. variety D. temptation

41. On the local market，______fruits and vegetables are now commonly sold.

A. exotic B. enough C. limited D. famous

42. After a few months，the immigrants became ______to the new environment.

A. confident B. sick C. happy D. accustomed

43. If your______lively pets become passive，they might be ill.

A. traditionally B. rarely C. normally D. continually

44. Speech is the______ ability possessed only by human beings.

A. unique B. average C. collective D. single

45. John seldom drinks coffee because he doesn’t ______ the taste.

A. stand for B. care about C. cope with D. care for

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension（45 minutes，25 points）

Directions：There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

Passage One

Americans usually consider themselves a friendly people. Their friendships，however，tend to be shorter and more casual than friendships among people from other cultures. It is not uncommon for Americans to have only one close friend during their lifetime，and consider other “friends”to be just social acquaintances. This attitude probably has something to do with American mobility and the fact that Americans do not like to be dependent on other people. They tend to“compartmentalize”（划分）friendships，having“friends at work”，“friends on the softball team”，“family friends”，etc.

Because the United States is a highly active society，full of movement and change，people always seem to be on the go. In this highly charged atmosphere，Americans can sometimes seem brusque（无礼的）or impatient. They want to get to know you as quickly as possible and then move on to something else. Sometimes，early on，they will ask you questions that you may feel are very personal. No insult is intended；the questions usually grow out of their genuine interest or curiosity，and their impatience to get to the heart of the matter. And the same goes for you. If you do not understand certain American behavior or you want to know more about them，do not hesitate to ask them questions about themselves. Americans are usually eager to explain all about their country or anything“American”in which you may be interested. So much so in fact that you may become tired of listening. It doesn’t matter because Americans tend to be uncomfortable with silence during a conversation. They would rather talk about the weather or the latest sports scores，for example，than deal with silence.

On the other hand，don’t expect Americans to be knowledgeable about international geography or world affairs，unless those subjects directly involve the United States. Because the United States is not surrounded by many other nations，some Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world.

46. The general topic of the passage is .

A. American culture B. American society

C. Americans’ activities D. Americans’ personality

47. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage？

A. Americans do not like to depend on other people.

B. Friendships among Americans tend to be casual.

C. Americans know a lot about international affairs.

D. Americans always seem to be on the go.

48. The phrase“highly charged”（Paragraph 2）most probably means .

A. extremely free B. highly responsible

C. very cheerful D. full of mobility and change

49. It can be inferred from the passage that .

A. Americans want to participate in all kinds of activities

B. Americans’ character is affected by their social and geographical environments

C. Americans do not know how to deal with silence

D. Curiosity is characteristic of Americans

50. According to the passage，Americans tend to ignore the rest of the world because .

A. they are not interested in other countries

B. they are too proud of themselves

C. their country does not have many neighboring nations

D. they are too busy to learn about other countries

Passage Two

Want a glimpse of the future of health care？Take a look at the way the various networks of people involved in patient care are being connected to one another，and how this new connectivity is being exploited to deliver medicine to the patient-no matter where he or she may be.

Online doctors offering advice based on standardized symptoms are the most obvious example. Increasingly，however，remote diagnosis（telemedicine）will be based on real physiological data from the actual patient. A group from the University of Kentucky has shown that by using an off-the-shelf（现成的）PDA（personal data assistance）such as a Palm Pilot plus a mobile phone，it is perfectly feasible to transmit a patient’s vital signs over the telephone. With this kind of equipment in a first-aid kit（急救包），the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past.

Other medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural care. And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as a tool for disaster response—especially after earthquakes. Overall，the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and expertise.

But there is one problem. Bandwidth is the limiting factor for transmitting complex medical images around the world—CT scans being one of the biggest bandwidth consumers. Communications satellites may be able to cope with the short-term needs during disasters such as earthquakes，wars or famines. But medicine is looking towards both the second-generation Internet and third-generation mobile phones for the future of distributed medical intelligence.

Doctors have met to discuss computer-based tools for medical diagnosis，training and telemedicine. With the falling price of broadband communications，the new technologies should usher in（迎来）an era when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information，expert opinion and diagnosis are common.

51. The basis of remote diagnosis will be .

A. standardized symptoms of a patient B. personal data assistance

C. transmitted complex medical images D. real physiological data from a patient

52. The sentence“the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past”means .

A. now people probably would not ask if there is a doctor in the house

B. patients used to cry and ask if there was a doctor in the house

C. in the past people often cried and asked if there was a doctor in the house

D. patients are now still asking if there is a doctor in the house

53. All the following statements are true EXCEPT that .

A. it is now feasible to transmit a patient’s vital signs over telephone

B. flood is not among the disasters mentioned in the passage

C. the trend in applying telemedicine is toward providing global access to medical data

D. telemedicine is being used by many medical teams as a tool for disaster response

54. The word“problem”in the fourth paragraph refers to the fact that .

A. there are not enough mobile phones for distributing medical intelligence

B. CT scans are one of the biggest bandwidth consumers

C. bandwidth is not adequate to transmit complex medical images around the world

D. communications satellites can only cope with the short-term needs during disasters

55. A proper title for the passage may be .

A. Improvement in Communications B. The Online Doctor Is In

C. Application of Telemedicine D. How to Make Remote Diagnosis
 

Passage Three

Pictures in the British papers this week of Prince William，Prince Charles’s 18-year-old son，cleaning toilets overseas，have led to a surge of altruism（利他主义）. Raleigh Internation-al，the charity that organized his trip，has seen inquiries about voluntary work abroad rise by 30%. But the image of idealistic youth that William presents no longer reflects the reality of the volunteer force. It’s getting older and older.

Voluntary Service Overseas（VSO）has about 2000 volunteers in the field around the world. After a dip in interest in the mid-1990s，applications to work abroad are at record levels. Last year 7645 people submitted applications，and 920 successfully negotiated the VSO selection process and were sent abroad. When the organization was founded in 1959，the average volunteer was in his early 20s. Now，the average age is 35，and set to rise further.

Partly，that is because there are more older people who want to do VSO. More people take early retirement；more，says the chief executive of VSO，“still feel that they have more to give and are in good health”. And the demands of the African and Asian countries where most of the volunteers go are changing，too. Their educational standards have risen over the past couple of decades，so they want people with more qualifications，skills and experience.

BESO（British Executive Service Overseas）recruits executives and businessmen with at least 15 years’ experience for short-term contract work overseas. It organizes 500 placements （工作安置）a year，and at the moment supply is surpassing demand. A BESO spokesman said that the organization is“limited by funding rather than a lack of volunteers”.

Enthusiastic but unqualified students do not impress as much as they once did alongside accountants，managers and doctors. The typical volunteer，these days，has been in full-time employment for at least five years and is highly qualified. And the profession which provides the biggest portion of volunteers is education—headmasters and school inspectors as well as classroom teachers.

56. According to the passage，the volunteers .

A. are getting older and older B. are becoming fewer

C. are inexperienced and unqualified D. are mostly students

57. All the statements are true about Prince William EXCEPT that .

A. his trip has triggered a surge of altruism

B. his trip was organized by a government institution

C. he presents the image of idealistic youth

D. he is not a representative volunteer in age

58. From the second paragraph we can know that .

A. the number of applications to work abroad declined in the mid-1990s

B. the average volunteer now is not much older than forty years ago

C. of those who have submitted applications a majority have been chosen and sent abroad

D. there were more applications to work aboard in the early 1990s than in the late 1990s

59. There are more older people who want to do VSO because .

Ⅰ. more people take early retirement

Ⅱ. more older people feel they are in good health

Ⅲ. the foreign countries where the volunteers go want people with more qualifications，skills and experience

A. Ⅱ only B. Ⅰ only C. Ⅰ，Ⅱ and Ⅲ D. Ⅰ and Ⅱ

60. According to the last paragraph，the typical volunteer now may be .

A. an enthusiastic but unqualified young student

B. a highly qualified headmaster or teacher

C. an executive or businessman with at least 15 years’ experience

D. a well-experienced accountant，manager，or doctor

Passage Four

With only about 1000 pandas left in the world，China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. That’s a move similar to what a Texas A&M University researcher has been undertaking for the past five years in a project called“Noah’s Ark”.

Dr. Duane Kraemer，a professor in Texas A&M’s College of Veterinary Medicine and a pioneer in embryo（胚胎）transfer work and related procedures，says he salutes the Chinese effort and“I wish them all the best success possible. It’s a worthwhile project，certainly not an easy one，and it’s very much like what we’re attempting here at Texas A&M—to save animals from extinction”.

Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs，embryos，semens（精子）and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct，Kraemer says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.

It is estimated that as many as 2000 species of mammals，birds and reptiles will become extinct over the next 100 years. The panda，native only to China，is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.

This week，Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.

The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.

“The nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy，and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem.”Kraemer believes.“They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy. It takes a long time and it’s difficult，but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk，so it is worth the effort.”adds Kraemer，who is one of the leaders of the Missyplicity Project at Texas A&M，the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.

“They are trying to do something that’s never been done，and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly applaud their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”

61. The aim of“Noah’s Ark”Project is to .

A. salute the Chinese efforts in saving pandas

B. implant embryo into a host animal

C. introduce cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit

D. save endangered animals from extinction

62. How long will the Chinese panda-cloning project take according to the passage？

A. 3 to 5 years. B. 1 year. C. 25 years. D. 2 years.

63. The word“groundbreaking”（Paragraph 7）can be interpreted as .

A. pioneering B. essentially new C. epoch-making D. evolutionary

64. What could be the major problem in cloning pandas according to Professor Kraemer？

A. Lack of host animals. B. Lack of available panda eggs.

C. Lack of funds. D. Lack of qualified researchers.

65. The best title for the passage may be .

A. China’s Efforts to Clone Pandas

B. China-the Native Place of Pandas Forever

C. Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas

D. China’s First Cloned Panda

Passage Five

If there is one thing scientists have to hear，it is that the game is over. Raised on the belief of an endless voyage of discovery，they recoil（畏缩）from the suggestion that most of the best things have already been located. If they have，today’s scientists can hope to contribute no more than a few grace notes to the symphony of science.

A book to be published in Britain this week，The End of Science，argues persuasively that this is the case. Its author，John Horgan，is a senior writer for Scientific American magazine，who has interviewed many of today’s leading scientists and science philosophers. The shock of realizing that science might be over came to him，he says，when he was talking to Oxford mathematician and physicist Sir Roger Penrose.

The End of Science provoked a wave of denunciation（谴责）in the United States last year.“The reaction has been one of complete shock and disbelief.”Mr. Horgan says.

The real question is whether any remaining unsolved problems，of which there are plenty，lend themselves to universal solutions. If they do not，then the focus of scientific discovery is already narrowing. Since the triumphs of the 1960s—the genetic code，plate tectonics（板块构造说），and the microwave background radiation that went a long way towards proving the Big Bang—genuine scientific revolutions have been scarce. More scientists are now alive，spending more money on research，that ever. Yet most of the great discoveries of the 19th and 20th centuries were made before the appearance of state sponsorship，when the scientific enterprise was a fraction of its present size.

Were the scientists who made these discoveries brighter than today’s？That seems unlikely. A far more reasonable explanation is that fundamental science has already entered a period of diminished returns.“Look，don’t get me wrong，”says Mr. Horgan.“There are lots of important things still to study，and applied science and engineering can go on for ever. I hope we get a cure for cancer，and for mental disease，though there are few real signs of progress.”

66. The sentence“most of the best things have already been located”could mean .

A. most of the best things have already been changed

B. most of the best things remain to be changed

C. there have never been so many best things waiting to be discovered

D. most secrets of the world have already been discovered

67. John Horgan .

Ⅰ. has published a book entitled The End of Science

Ⅱ. has been working as an editor of Scientific American

Ⅲ. has been working many years as a literary critic

Ⅳ. is working as a science writer

A. Ⅰ and Ⅱ B. Ⅰ only C. Ⅰ and Ⅳ D. Ⅰ，Ⅱ and Ⅳ

68. There have not been many genuine scientific revolutions in the past few decades because .

A. there have been decreased returns in the research of fundamental science

B. there are too many important things for scientists to study

C. applied science and engineering take up too much time and energy

D. today’s scientists are not as intelligent as those in the past

69. The term“the Big Bang”probably refers to .

A. the genetic code theory

B. a geological theory

C. a theory of the origin of the universe

D. the origin and the power of atomic energy

70. The best title of this passage can be .

A. Great Scientific Discoveries Will Never Be Possible

B. The Harsh Challenge Has to Be Met by Modern Scientists

C. The State Sponsorship and Scientific Enterprise Are All in Vain

D. The Chance for Great Scientific Discoveries Becomes Scarce

Part Ⅳ Cloze（15 minutes，10 points）

Directions：In this part，there is a passage with twenty blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

There is virtually no limit to how one can serve community interests，from spending a few hours a week with some charitable organization to practically fulltime work for a social agency. Just as there are opportunities for voluntary service 71 （VSO） for young people before they take up full-time employment， 72 there are opportunities for overseas service for 73 technicians in developing countries. Some people， 74 those who retire early， 75 their technical and business skills in countries 76 there is a special need.

So in considering voluntary or 77 community service there are more opportunities than there 78 were when one first began work. Most voluntary organizations have only a small fulltime 79 ，and depend very much on volunteers and part-timers. This means that working relationships are different from those in commercial organizations，and values may be different.

80 some ways they may seem more casual and less efficient，but one should not 81 them by commercial criteria. The people who work with them do so for different reasons and with different 82 ，both personal and 83 . One should not join them 84 to arm them with professional expertise；they must be joined with commitment to the 85 ，not business efficiency. Because salaries are 86 or non-existent many voluntary bodies offer modest expenses. But many retired people take part in community service for 87 ，simply because they enjoy the work.

Many community activities possible 88 retirement were also possible during one’s working life but they are to be undertaken 89 seriously for that. Retired people who are just looking for something different or unusual to do should not consider 90 community service.

71. A. oversea B. over sea C. over seas D. overseas

72. A. as B. so C. then D. that

73. A. quantity B. qualifying C. quality D. qualified

74. A. partially B. partly C. particularly D. passionately

75. A. order B. operate C. offer D. occupy

76. A. which B. where C. as D. that

77. A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. pay

78. A. before B. lately C. never D. ever

79. A. team B. number C. staff D. crowd

80. A. In B. By C. With D. Through

81. A. look at B. comment C. enjoy D. judge

82. A. subjective B. subject C. objectives D. objects

83. A. organization B. organizational C. organized D. organizing

84. A. expecting B. to expect C. being expected D. expected

85. A. course B. cause C. case D. caution

86. A. little B. small C. large D. big

87. A. free B. freedom C. money D. something

88. A. before B. on C. in D. at

89. A. much B. very much C. no more D. no less

90. A. to be taken B. to take C. taking D. being taken

Paper Two 试卷二（60 minutes）

Part Ⅰ Error Detection and Correction（10 minutes，10 points）

Directions：Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A，B，C and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect. Then，write down the corresponding letter and，without altering the meaning of the sentence，put the correction on the ANSWER SHEET.

1. The warm winter helped dry out alive trees and bushes，as well as the dead needles，leaves and

A B C

limbs on the ground beneath the trees.

D

2. Researchers believe one way to minimizing the damage is to get better at predicting the risk of

A B C D

fire.

3. Indications that the moon underwent a heavy bombardment（撞击）date back the early 1970s.

A B C D

4. Alongside these technical skills we need to extend and refine our social skills. The basis of this

A B

is to avoid any sense of be a special category of person.

C D

5. There is never any need to feel shameless or even childish in wanting to move on to new

A B C D

experiences.

6. Only occasionally one could take a break out of season，getting the best bargains—though not

A B C

necessarily the best weather.

D

7. Some people choose to go on cruises as a way of rewarding themselves. Certainly if you have

A

plenty of money this can be a good idea，though it may not turn off quite as expected.

B C D

8. Overseas travel sounds excited and sometimes exotic but not everyone can afford it.

A B C D

9. Many of the ships went down with valuable treasure；but none of them has made great treasure

A B

tales. As a good wine，treasure is improved by age.

C D

10. A lot of urban people come into the country and suddenly become terrible concerned about its

A B C

appearance and what the farmer is doing.

D

 part Ⅱ Translation（20 minutes，10 points）

Directions：Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.

过去50年其实并不是发明创新的黄金时期。从1900～1950年，改变人类生活的发明有汽车、飞机、电话、收音机、电视机——当然还有核武器和计算机。而近50年来，只有为数不多的发明。难道发明的源泉已经枯竭了吗？答案并非如此。事实上，发明的新时代刚刚开始。

Part Ⅲ Guided Writing（30 minutes，15 points）

Directions：For this part，you are to write a composition of 120-150 words on the following topic：

The Greatest Invention in the Past Century

In your composition，you should clearly state your opinion and give reasons to support your argument. Write your composition on the ANSWER SHEET.