同等学力申硕英语精选练习题2

　　“The word‘protection’is no longer taboo(禁忌语)”.This short sentence，uttered by French resident Nicolas Sarkozy last month，may have launched a new era in economic history.Why? or decades，Western leaders have believed that lowering trade barriers and tariffs was a natural ood.Doing so，they reasoned，would lead to greater economic efficiency and productivity，which in turn would improve human welfare.Championing free trade thus became a moral，not just an economic，cause.

　　These leaders，of course，weren’t acting out of unselfishness.They knew their economies were the most competitive，so they’d profit most from liberalization.And developing countries feared that their economies would be swamped by superior Western productivity.Today，however，the tables have turned…though few acknowledge it.The West continues to preach free trade，but practices it less and less.Asian，meanwhile，continues to plead for special protection but practices more and more free trade .

　　That’s why Sarkozy’s words were so important：he finally injected some honesty into the trade debates.The truth is that large parts of the West are losing faith in tree trade，though few leaders admit it.Some economists are more honest.Paul Krugman is one of the few willing to acknowledge that protectionist arguments are returning.In the short run，there will be winners and losers under free trade.This，of course，is what capitalism is all about.But more and more of these losers will be in the West，Economists in the developed world used to love quoting Jonoph Schumpeter，who said that‘creative destruction”was an essential part of capitalist growth.But they always assumed that destruction would happen over there.When Western workers began losing jobs，suddenly their leaders began to lose faitll in their principles，Things have yet to reverse completely.But there’s clearly a negative trend in a Western theory and practice .

　　A little hypocrisy(虚伪)is not in itself a serious problem.The real problem is that Western governments continue to insist that they retain control of the key global economic and financial institutions while drifting away from global liberalization.Lock at what’s happening at the IMF (International Monetary Fund)The Europeans have demanded that t11eY keep the post of managing director.But all too often，Western officials put their own interests above everyone else’s when they dominate these global institutions .

　　The time has therefore come for the Asians-who ore clearly the new winners in today’S global economy-to provide more intellectual leadership in supporting free trade：Sadly，they have yet to do SO.Unless Asians speak out，however，there’S a real danger that Adam Smith’S principles，which have brought SO much good to the world，could gradually die.And that would leave all of US，worse off,in one way or another .

　　43.It can be inferred that“protection”(Line 1，Para.1)means

　　A improving economic efficiency

　　B.ending the free-trade practice

　　C.10wering moral standard

　　D.raisingtradetariffs

　　44.The Western leaders preach free trade because

　　A.it is beneficial to their economies

　　B.it is supported by developing countries

　　C.it makes them keep faith in their principles

　　D.it is advocated by Joseph Schumpeter and Adam

　　45.By“the tables have turned”(Line 3-4，Para.2)the

　　A.the Western leaders have turned self-centered Smith author implies that

　　B.the Asian leaders have become advocates of free trade

　　C.the developed economies have turned less competitive

　　D.the developing economies have become more independent

　　46.The Western economies used to like the idea of“creative destruction’’because it

　　A.set a long-term rather than short-turn goal

　　B.was an essential part of capitalist development

　　C.contained a positive rather than negative mentality

　　D.was meant to be the destruction of developing economies

　　47.The author uses“IMF’’was an example to illustrate the point that

　　A.European leaders are reluctant to admit they are hypocritical

　　B.there is an inconsistency between Western theory and practice

　　C.global institutions are not being led by true globalization advocates

　　D.European countries’interests are being ignored by economic leaders

　　48.Which of the following is true about Asians?

　　A.Asians have to speak out the protection

　　B.Asians have demand that they keep the post of managers

　　C.Asians succeed in today’S global economy

　　D.Asians succeed by Adam Smith’S principles

　　Names have gained increasing importance in the competitive world of higher education.As colleges strive for market share，they are looking for names that proj ect the image they want or reflect the changes they hope to make.Trenton.State College，for example，became the College of New Jersey nine years ago when it began raising admissions standards and appealing to students

　　from throughout the state.

　　“All I hear in higher education is，‘Brand，brand，brand’said Tim Westerbeck，who specializes in branding and is managing director of Lipman Hearne，a marketing firm based in Chicago that works with universities and other nonprofit organizations.“There has been a sea change over the last l 0 years.Marketing used to be almost a dirty word in higher education.”Not all efforts at name changes are successful，of course.In 1997，the New School for Social Research became New School University to reflect its growth into a collection of eight colleges，offering a list of maj ors that includes psychology，music，urban studies and management.But New Yorkers continued to call it the New Sch001.

　　Now，after spending arl undisclosed sum on an online survey and a marketing consultant’s creation of“haming structures.’’“brand architecture’’and“identity systems.’’the university has

　　come up with a new name：the New Sch001.Beginning Monday，it will adopt new logon(标识)，banners，business cards and even new names for the individual colleges，all to include the words“the New Sch001.’’

　　Changes in names generally reveal significant shifts in how a college wants to be perceived.In altering its name from Cal State.Hayward，to Cal State，East Bay，the university hoped to project its expanding role in two mostly suburban countries east of San Francisco.

　　The University of Southern Colorado，a state institution，became Colorado State University at Pucblo two years ago，hoping to highlight many internal changes，including offering more graduate programs and setting higher admissions standards.

　　Beaver College turned itself into Arcadia University in 200 1 for several reasons：to break the connection with its past as a women’s college，to promote its growth into a full-fledged(完全成熟的)university and officials acknowledged，to eliminate some jokes about the college’s old name on late-night television and‘′morning ZOO”radio shows.

　　Many college officials said changing a name and image could produce substantial results.At Arcadia，in addition to the rise in applications，the average students’test score has increased by 60

　　points，Juli Roebeck，arl Arcadia spokeswoman said.

　　49.which of the following is NOT the reason for colleges to change their names?

　　A .They prefer higher education competition

　　B .They try to gain advantage in market share

　　C .They want to proj ect their image

　　D .They hope to make some changes

　　50.It is implied that one ofthe most significant changes in highter education in the past decade is

　　A.the brand.

　　B .the college names

　　C .the concept of marketing

　　D. list ofmajors.

　　5 1.What happened to New School for Social Research?

　　A.It is renamed by New Yorkers

　　B.It Offers a list ofbooks

　　C.It contains management and MBA course

　　D.Its new name is not Successful

　　52.The phrase”come up with”(Line 3 Para 4)probably means

　　A.catchupwith

　　B.dealwith

　　C.putforward

　　D.come to the realization

　　53 The case of name changing from Cal State Hayward to Cal State indicates that the university

　　A .is perceived by the society

　　B. hopes to expand its influence

　　C.prefers to reform its reaching programs

　　D.expects to enlarge its campus

　　54.According to the spokeswoman the name change of Beaver College

　　A .turns out very successful

　　B. fails to attain its goal

　　C. has eliminated some jokes

　　D. has trlsformed its status

　　It looked just like another aircraft from the outside The pilot told his young passengers that it was built in 1964.But appearances were deceptive and the 13 students from Europe and the USA who boarded the aircraft were in for the flight of their lives

　　Inside the area that normally had seats had become a long white tunnel.Heavily padded(填塞) from floor to ceiling it looked a bit strange.There were almost no windows，but lights along the padded walls illuminated it.Most of the seats had been taken out apart from a few at the back where the young scientists quickly took their places with a look of fear .

　　For 12 months，science students from across the continents had competed to win a place on the flight at the invitation of the European Space Agency.the challenge had been to suggest imaginative experiments to be conducted in weightless conditions .

　　For the next two hours the flight resembled that of an enornlous bird which had lose its reason，shooting upwards towards the heavens before rushing towards Earth.The invention was to Achieve weightlessness for a few seconds .

　　The aircraft took off smoothly enough.But any feelings that I and the young scientists had that we were on anything like a scheduled passenger service were quickly dismissed when the pilot put the plane into a 45 degree climb which lasted around 20 seconds.Then the engines cut out and we became weightless.Everything become confused and left or right.Up or down no longer had any meaning.after ten seconds of flee fall descent the pilot pulled the aircraft out of its nosedive.The return of gravity was less immediate than its loss.but was still sudden enough to ensure that some students came down with a bump

　　Each time the pilot cut the engines and we became weightless.A new team conduct it experience.First it was the Dutch who wanted to discover how it is that cats always land on their feet.then the German team who conducted a successful experiment on a traditional building method to see if could be used for building a further space station.the Americans had 3.11 idea to create solar sails that could be used by satellites

　　After two hours of going up and down in the lane doing their experiments，the predominate feeling was one of excitement rather than sickness.Most of the students thought it was unforgettable experience and one they would be keen to repeat .

　　55.what did the writer say about the plane?

　　A .Ithadno seats.

　　B. It was painted white

　　C. It had no windows

　　D. The outside was misleading.

　　5 6.according to the writer，how did the young scientists feel before the flight?

　　A.sick

　　B.keen

　　C.nervous

　　D.impatient

　　57.According to the passage，what can be concluded about European Space Agency?

　　A.It produces air-planes

　　B.It sends invitations

　　C.It trains students from across the continents

　　D.It conducts imaginative experiments

　　58.what did the pilot do with the plane after it took off?

　　A.He quickly climbed and then stopped the engines

　　B.He climbed and them made the plane fall slowly.

　　C.He took off normally and then cut the engines for 20 seconds

　　D.He climbed and then made the plane turn over

　　59.Acoording to the passage，the purpose ofbeing weightless was to

　　A.see what conditions bare like in space

　　B.prepare the young

　　C.show thejudges of the competition what they could do

　　D .make the teams try out their ideas

　　60.this passage was written to

　　A.encourage young people to take up science

　　B.describe the process of a scientific competition

　　C.show scientists what young people can do

　　D.report on a new scientific technique

　　Part IV Cloze(15 minutes，15 points，1 for each)