在职博士英语长难句训练题及解析11

　　1.For Example, changes in the economy that lead tofewer job opportunities for youth and risingunemployment in general make gainful employmentincreasingly difficult to obtain.

　　【分析】复合句。句子主语为changes;谓语为make;宾语为gainful employment;increasingly difficult to obtain为宾语补足语。in the economy和that引导的定语从句均修饰changes。

　　【译文】例如，经济变化导致年轻人就业机会减少和失业率上升，通常在这种情况下，他们更难获得高新职位。

　　2.More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; consequently,children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the traditional familystructure.

　　【分析】并列复合句。由分号连接的两个并列分句。第一个分句是简单句。第二个分句中，consequently为句首状语，children是主语，are likely to have是谓语部分。less supervision at home是宾语部分，than was common in the traditional family structure是宾语从句修饰supervision。

　　【译文】单亲家庭和双职工家庭越来越多;从而，儿童在家中受到监管比传统结构家庭要少。

　　【点拨】consist of "由…组成"。

　　3.Other identifiable causes of offensive actsinclude frustration or failure in school, the increasedavailability of drugs and alcohol, and the growingincidence of child abuse and child neglect.

　　【分析】简单句。Other identifiable causes ofoffensive acts是主语部分;include是谓语;宾语部分是由逗号连接的三个并列的名词或名词性短语：frustration or failure, the increased availability 和thegrowing incidence，其中in school 和两个 of 短语分别作前面宾语的后置定语。

　　【译文】导致犯罪行为的其他确切因素还有学习受挫，考试不及格、毒品和酒精更容易得到，以及不断增多的儿童受虐和被忽略事件的发生。

　　【点拨】1) identifiable"可辨认的，可识别的，可确认的"。2) availability "有效，有用;可得到的人(或物)"。

　　4. Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual andemotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence thatcomes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others.

　　【分析】多重复合句。句子主干为teenagers are self-conscious and need the confidence。Because引导原因状语从句;that引导的定语从句修饰confidence，定语从句中又包含一个 that 引导的宾语从句。

　　【译文】因为青少年正在适应新的身体状况和智力、情感方面的诸多挑战，所以他们的自我意识很强，并且需要信心，这种信心源于获得成功和看到自己的成就获得他人的赞赏。

　　【点拨】1) adjust to 意为"适应，调节"。2) host 是量词，指"许多，大量"。A whole host of "许多，大量"。

　　5.However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for example, publishing newsletters with many student-written book, displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.

　　【分析】复合句。So…that引导结果状语从句;that 后的 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式结构to plan activities，其中包含一个which引导的定语从句修饰activities;for example为插入语，其后的三个动宾短语列举了三种行为，是对上文for example具体的解释说明。

　　【译文】然而，典型的青少年生活方式中已经充斥了如此之多的竞争，所有明智之举就是组织一些胜者多败者少的活动，比如：出版一些学生写的书评时讯、展览学生的艺术作品、发起读书讨论俱乐部。

　　【点拨】1) be filled with 意为"充满;装满"。2) sponsor在此处用作动词，意为"发起，主办，赞助"，它还可以用作名词，意为"发起者，主办者，赞助者"。

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